{"id":1373612,"date":"2023-08-16T16:01:29","date_gmt":"2023-08-16T14:01:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.dnaera.com\/cs\/?p=1373612"},"modified":"2023-11-15T10:21:05","modified_gmt":"2023-11-15T09:21:05","slug":"alzheimerova-choroba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.dnaera.com\/cs\/blog\/alzheimerova-choroba\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u010dasn\u00e9mu odhalen\u00ed Alzheimerovy choroby m\u016f\u017ee pomoct i anal\u00fdza DNA"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Alzheimerova choroba je nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm typem demence. Projevuje se postupn\u00fdm zhor\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm pam\u011bti, my\u0161len\u00ed, chov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo soci\u00e1ln\u00edch dovednost\u00ed. Prvotn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky jsou zp\u016fsobeny pr\u00e1v\u011b t\u00edm, \u017ee je zpo\u010d\u00e1tku posti\u017eena \u010d\u00e1st mozku, kter\u00e1 zaji\u0161\u0165uje ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed vzpom\u00ednek. Mozkov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky odum\u00edraj\u00ed a mozek se postupn\u011b zmen\u0161uje, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky se \u010dasem zhor\u0161uj\u00ed. P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si 5 fakt\u016f o Alzheimerov\u011b chorob\u011b, jej\u00ed\u017e rozvoj ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed i genetick\u00e9 predispozice.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.   Prvn\u00ed popis nemoci<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Alzheimerovu chorobu poprv\u00e9 popsal v roce 1906 doktor Alois Alzheimer, kter\u00fd zkoumal mozek pacientky s neobvyklou du\u0161evn\u00ed poruchou. Ta se projevovala ztr\u00e1tou pam\u011bti, probl\u00e9my s \u0159e\u010d\u00ed a nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00fdm chov\u00e1n\u00edm. P\u0159i pitv\u011b na\u0161el v jej\u00edm mozku mnoho neobvykl\u00fdch shluk\u016f (dnes naz\u00fdvan\u00fdch amyloidn\u00ed plaky) a spletit\u00fdch svazk\u016f vl\u00e1ken (dnes naz\u00fdvan\u00fdch neurofibril\u00e1rn\u00ed nebo tau svazky). Tyto zm\u011bny zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 nahromad\u011bn\u00edm protein\u016f dnes pova\u017eujeme za p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu vzniku Alzheimerovy choroby. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.   Na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b j\u00ed trp\u00ed a\u017e 57 milion\u016f lid\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Celosv\u011btov\u011b trp\u00ed Alzheimerovou chorobou p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 57 milion\u016f lid\u00ed a o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee do roku 2050 se tento po\u010det a\u017e ztrojn\u00e1sob\u00ed. I proto je Alzheimerova choroba p\u0159edm\u011btem intenzivn\u00edho studia mnoha v\u011bdeck\u00fdch t\u00fdm\u016f po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.   B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 rizikov\u00e9 varianty, kter\u00e9 vedou k riziku vzniku onemocn\u011bn\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V\u011bdci odhalili u\u017e n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek gen\u016f, kter\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k riziku rozvoje Alzheimerovy choroby. Mezi nejl\u00e9pe prostudovan\u00e9 pat\u0159\u00ed gen APOE, kter\u00fd se pod\u00edl\u00ed na tvorb\u011b protein\u016f p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00edc\u00edch cholesterol v t\u011ble. R\u016fzn\u00e9 varianty tohoto genu maj\u00ed na riziko onemocn\u011bn\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fd vliv. APOE \u03b52 <\/em>m\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00edklad protektivn\u00ed vliv, zat\u00edmco APOE \u03b54 <\/em>zvy\u0161uje riziko rozvoje Alzheimerovy choroby. Jednu kopii APOE \u03b54 <\/em>si nese 15\u2013\u206025 % lid\u00ed, zat\u00edmco 2 takov\u00e9 kopie m\u00e1 ve sv\u00e9 DNA 2\u2013\u20605 % lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

4.   Prevence m\u00e1 v\u00fdznamn\u00fd vliv na sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed celkov\u00e9ho rizika rozvoje i p\u0159i vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm genetick\u00e9m riziku<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Znalost genetick\u00e9 predispozice je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1, ale nen\u00ed to definitivn\u00ed verdikt. Studie z roku 2019, kter\u00e1 sledovala t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 200 000 osob evropsk\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu, uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1sad zdrav\u00e9ho \u017eivotn\u00edho stylu vedlo u osob se zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm genetick\u00fdm rizikem k poklesu celkov\u00e9ho rizika rozvoje tohoto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Hodnocen\u00e9 faktory \u017eivotn\u00edho stylu zahrnovaly kou\u0159en\u00ed, stravu, konzumaci alkoholu, fyzickou aktivitu a v\u011bnov\u00e1n\u00ed se \u010dinnostem, kter\u00e9 podporuj\u00ed funkci mozku, jako je \u010dten\u00ed, zkou\u0161en\u00ed nov\u00fdch aktivit nebo udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed aktivn\u00edho spole\u010densk\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Preventivn\u00ed vliv m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u0159edomo\u0159sk\u00e9 diety, p\u0159edch\u00e1zen\u00ed rozvoji kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, pravideln\u00e1 sportovn\u00ed aktivita nebo stimulace mozku. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

5.   Rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a l\u00e9\u010dba onemocn\u011bn\u00ed se posouvaj\u00ed kup\u0159edu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st v\u00fdzkumu se dnes zam\u011b\u0159uje zejm\u00e9na na zp\u016fsoby, jak Alzheimerovu chorobu rozpoznat v co nejran\u011bj\u0161\u00edm stadiu. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 studie nap\u0159\u00edklad uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee nositel\u00e9 rizikov\u00e9 formy APOE m\u011bli ve v\u011bku 65 let zhor\u0161enou schopnost rozpozn\u00e1vat pachy. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se u nich po n\u011bkolika letech objevovaly i kognitivn\u00ed probl\u00e9my. To nazna\u010duje, \u017ee \u0161patn\u00e1 schopnost rozpozn\u00e1vat pachy m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt u nositel\u016f APOE \u03b54 \u010dasn\u00fdm indik\u00e1torem rozvoje Alzheimerovy choroby. Objevuj\u00ed se tak\u00e9 testy, kter\u00e9 sleduj\u00ed biomarkery nemoci v kapce krve, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e jejich p\u0159esnost dosahuje a\u017e 85 %. Dokonce se p\u0159ipravuje i v\u00fdvoj vakc\u00edny, kter\u00e1 byla zat\u00edm testov\u00e1na na my\u0161\u00edm modelu tohoto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdsledek najdete v roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed Mental Health<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed Mental Health<\/a> je k dispozici v\u0161em sou\u010dasn\u00fdm z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm s jak\u00fdmkoli testem. V\u00fdsledky najdete na sv\u00e9m \u00fa\u010dtu<\/a> hned po \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 objedn\u00e1vce, bez nutnosti opakovat odb\u011br vzorku slin. Zjist\u011bte o sob\u011b v\u00edce a podnikn\u011bte preventivn\u00ed kroky sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed ke zdrav\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu \u017eivotn\u00edmu stylu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zdroje: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/aging\/aginginfo\/alzheimers.htm#:~:text=Alzheimer’s%20disease%20is%20the%20most,thought%2C%20memory%2C%20and%20language.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. https:\/\/www.alzint.org\/news-events\/news\/new-data-predicts-the-number-of-people-living-with-alzheimers-disease-to-triple-by-2050\/<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Lourida, I., Hannon, E., Littlejohns, T. J., Langa, K. M., Hypp\u00f6nen, E., Ku\u017ama, E., & Llewellyn, D. J. (2019). Association of lifestyle and genetic risk with incidence of dementia. Jama, 322(5), 430-437.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. https:\/\/www.nia.nih.gov\/health\/alzheimers-disease-fact-sheet<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. https:\/\/www.nia.nih.gov\/health\/alzheimers-disease-genetics-fact-sheet#:~:text=APOE%20%CE%B54%20increases%20risk%20for,to%205%25%20carry%20two%20copieshttps:\/\/www.nia.nih.gov\/health\/alzheimers-disease-genetics-fact-sheet#:~:text=APOE%20%CE%B54%20increases%20risk%20for,to%205%25%20carry%20two%20copies<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  6. https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/can-novel-alzheimers-vaccine-prevent-or-treat-disease<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  7. https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/alzheimers-genetic-risk-losing-sense-of-smell-early-sign-of-disease#Could-losing-sense-of-smell-be-an-early-sign-of-Alzheimers<\/a>?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  8. https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/a-finger-prick-test-may-help-detect-alzheimers-disease-earlier#A-cheaper-and-quicker-way-to-diagnose<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Zdroje fotografi\u00ed:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. https:\/\/www.freepik.com\/free-photo\/elderly-man-confronting-alzheimer-disease_16518589.htm#query=alzheimer&position=18&from_view=search&track=sph<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Alzheimerova choroba je nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm typem demence. Projevuje se postupn\u00fdm zhor\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm pam\u011bti, my\u0161len\u00ed, chov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo soci\u00e1ln\u00edch dovednost\u00ed. Prvotn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky jsou zp\u016fsobeny pr\u00e1v\u011b t\u00edm, \u017ee je zpo\u010d\u00e1tku posti\u017eena \u010d\u00e1st mozku, kter\u00e1 zaji\u0161\u0165uje ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed vzpom\u00ednek. Mozkov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky odum\u00edraj\u00ed a mozek se postupn\u011b zmen\u0161uje, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky se \u010dasem zhor\u0161uj\u00ed. P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si 5 fakt\u016f o Alzheimerov\u011b chorob\u011b, jej\u00ed\u017e rozvoj […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":1373615,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[58,59],"place-taxonomy":[],"class_list":["post-1373612","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-sk","tag-dna-analyza","tag-dna-test"],"acf":[],"views":122,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.dnaera.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1373612","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.dnaera.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.dnaera.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.dnaera.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.dnaera.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1373612"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/dev.dnaera.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1373612\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1373736,"href":"https:\/\/dev.dnaera.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1373612\/revisions\/1373736"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.dnaera.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1373615"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.dnaera.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1373612"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.dnaera.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1373612"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.dnaera.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1373612"},{"taxonomy":"place-taxonomy","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.dnaera.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/place-taxonomy?post=1373612"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}